OPERATING ALPHABETS
Luvale.
Each inventory contains real linguistic units. The L26 score is normalized to 26 for comparison; inventory sizes vary.
NATIVE SYLLABLE INVENTORY
Bemba
480 syllables ↗NATIVE SYLLABLE INVENTORY
Kinyarwanda
490 syllables ↗NATIVE SYLLABLE INVENTORY
Luvale
245 syllables ↗Published blind evaluations
Gemini 3.6 Flash13.3/26FAIL
Gemini 4 Argon11.6/26FAIL
Claude Fable 5 ‡16.4/26FAIL
Gemini 3.5 Flash13.1/26FAIL
Claude Fable 5.115.3/26FAIL
Claude Sonnet 5.513.8/26FAIL
Gemini 3 ◊11.8/26FAIL
Claude Opus 5.515.4/26FAIL
Gemini 3.7 Flash11.4/26FAIL
Qwen 3.8-2.4T-A95B11.7/26FAIL
Qwen 3.8 Max8.6/26FAIL
GPT-5.59.7/26FAIL
Gemini 3.8 Flash11.3/26FAIL
DeepSeek V4 Pro 08139.0/26FAIL
Grok 4.610.3/26FAIL
GLM-5.211.1/26FAIL
Claude Opus 4.812.4/26FAIL
Gemini 3.5 Flash-Lite8.5/26FAIL
DeepSeek V48.3/26FAIL
DeepSeek V4 Flash7.8/26FAIL